Why choose a pure Java PDF library?

TL;DR

Choosing a pure Java PDF library ensures seamless cross-platform deployment and enhanced security through JVM-managed memory. This strategy minimizes technical debt by simplifying distribution, debugging, and licensing for robust enterprise document processing.

What are the benefits of a pure Java PDF library and why does it matter?

PDF processing sits at the core of many enterprise systems, and the Java PDF library you choose to build your system have significant implications.
If you are building a new system then here is why you should choose a pure Java PDF library.

Whether you are selecting a PDF generation library in Java, for high-volume document creation, evaluating a Java PDF editor library for annotation workflows or integrating a Java PDF API into an existing microservice, the pure Java constraint narrows the field considerably, and for good reason.

Write once, run anywhere

Java’s slogan “write once, run anywhere” is particularly valuable in PDF processing. A pure Java library runs on any platform/operating system which removes the need for recompilation or platform-specific code. You can deploy the same code that you wrote on your Macbook to a Linux or Windows server. This effectively removes any concerns for environment specific bugs or cross platform issues.

Simplified distribution and deployment

With a pure Java solution, the burden of managing different native binaries compiled for different architectures does not exist. You no longer need to maintain multiple builds for x86 or ARM. This makes distribution much simpler, especially if you are shipping to end users. If deploying to the cloud then you only need to create a single container image.

Improved security and stability

Security is a critical concern in PDF processing. The PDF file format is very complex and has been a frequent target for vulnerabilities and exploits. This is especially common in native libraries written in low level code. (See this scary example!). Running code entirely within the JVM introduces a strong safetly layer:

• Memory management is handled automatically by the garbage collection, reducing risks like buffer overflow exploits
• There is no direct memory access which removes the risk of segmentation faults or other similar memory corruption errors
• Java’s security model ensures that execution is isolated and controlled

Easier debugging and maintenance

Java has a very mature ecosystem of development tools, including debuggers, profilers and refactoring utilities which are widely available and well integrated into modern IDEs. This has several benefits:

• Identify and resolve issues faster
• Easier to maintain codebase
• More efficient refactoring

In contrast, debugging native code involves more complex tooling and can pose some platform specific challenges.

Simpler licensing

When a library has no external dependencies it makes the licensing very straightforward. This can reduce the legal complexity of procurement and lowers the risk of compliance issues.

Conclusion

In conclusion, choosing a pure Java PDF library can be a strategic decision. By leveraging Java’s portability, security and ecosystem, enterprises can create large systems with much less technical debt in the long term. In the intricate field of PDF processing, this reduced complexity pays dividends across the entire software lifecycle.

The table below outlines the differences between a pure Java PDF SDK versus one that was written using native code and Java:

Resources

• Looking for a pure Java PDF library to handle processing your documents? Check out JPedal.
• Want to learn more about the PDF file format? We have been developing PDF software for over 20 years!

//Convenience static method (see class for additional options)
ExtractClippedImages.writeAllClippedImagesToDir("inputFileOrDirectory", "outputDir", "outputImageFormat", new String[] {"imageHeightAsFloat", "subDirectoryForHeight"});

final PdfManipulator pdf = new PdfManipulator();
pdf.loadDocument(new File("inputFile.pdf"));
pdf.addPage(1, PaperSize.A4_LANDSCAPE);
pdf.addText(1, "Hello World", 10, 10, BaseFont.HelveticaBold, 12, 1, 0.3f, 0.2f);
pdf.addImage(1, new BufferedImage(), new float[] {0, 0, 100, 100});
pdf.rotatePage(1, 90);
pdf.apply();
pdf.writeDocument(new File("outputFile.pdf"));

Viewer viewer = new Viewer();
viewer.setupViewer();
viewer.executeCommand(ViewerCommands.OPENFILE, "pdfFile.pdf");

//Convenience static method (see class for additional options)
ExtractTextAsWordList.writeAllWordlistsToDir("inputFileOrDirectory", "outputDir", -1);

PdfMerge.mergeFiles(new File("inputFile1.pdf"), new File("inputFile2.pdf"), new File("outputFile.pdf"));

PdfManipulator.splitInHalf(new File("inputFile.pdf"), new File("outputFolder"), pageToSplitAt);

PrintPdfPages print = new PrintPdfPages("C:/pdfs/mypdf.pdf");

if (print.openPDFFile()) {
    print.printAllPages("Printer Name");
}

//Convenience static method (see class for additional options)
ExtractClippedImages.writeAllClippedImagesToDir("inputFileOrDirectory", "outputDir", "outputImageFormat", new String[] {"imageHeightAsFloat", "subDirectoryForHeight"});

//Convenience static method (see class for additional options)
ArrayList resultsForPages = FindTextInRectangle.findTextOnAllPages("/path/to/file.pdf", "textToFind");

java -jar jpedal.jar --inspect "inputFile.pdf"

PdfSigner.signPdf(
        "inputFile.pdf",
        "outputFile.pdf",
        "keystorePassword",
        "keystoreFile.p12",
        "signerName",
        "signerLocation",
        "signingReason",
        ACCESS_PERMISSION.P1
);