What is the JPEG XL image format?
JPEG XL (ISO/IEC 18181) is an open-source file format for raster-graphics that is effective for lossy and lossless compression. It is designed for responsive web environments, to display content across various devices.
Jyrki Alakuijala, Jon Sneyers and Luca Versari are among notable names that contributed towards the creation of this file format. Its development began in 2017, with the need a for a modern format based on the legacy JPEG format that could progressively render images for a more responsive experience.
The image format combines Google’s PIK and Cloudbinary’s FUIF technology and the format was standardized in October of 2021, making it one the newer image formats. The forward looking image format has an adaptable framework, which allows for seamless integration of new features and functionalities.
The filename extension commonly associated with JPEG XL is: .jxl
What does JPEG XL stand for?
The acronym stands for Joint Photographic Experts Group Extra-Large, an acronym derived from the legacy JPEG format.
What are its benefits?
Since it is one of the newer formats, it is more effective in lossless transcoding compared to previous formats such as WebP and JPEG. You can convert JPEG images to this format without seeing additional artifacts, not compromising image quality.
The format enhances user experience by constantly improving image quality with incoming data, something valuable for low-bandwidth scenarios. It provides features such as alpha channel and animated images.
It also provides progressive decoding which adds more details to images as the data comes in. While the format works well on low bitrates, it performs best at high bitrates where degradation is low.
Comparing with other formats
When comparing with other formats we observed that this specific format provides higher compression efficiency while also providing support for transcoding older JPEG files effectively, something that many other formats cannot do.
Older codecs like JPEG use YCbCr colour space for chroma subsampling, which was originally designed for analogue televisions. JPEG XL, however, uses an LMS based colour space called XYB.
Does Java support JPEG XL?
You can read JPEG XL images in Java with JDeli.
If you would like to learn more, we have a repository of other such common image format in our glossary.